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庚辰本《脂硯齋重評石頭記》,
圖片來源:紅樓夢網絡教學研究資料中心 |
〈紅樓夢拾〉第三十四回:寶玉的壞心眼、黛玉的黑心腸
一、寶玉的壞心眼
回來正值寶玉睡醒,襲人回明香露之事。寶玉喜不自禁,即命調來嘗試,果然香妙非常。因心下記罣着黛玉,滿心裹要打發人去,只是怕襲人,便設一法,先使襲人往寶釵那里去借書。
淺評:此章承上回寶玉被賈政重打,養傷時獲王夫人托襲人送香露給寶玉,以增其胃口。其間,襲人向王夫人陳說寶玉年歲漸長,與眾姑娘嬉玩廝混,男女有別,終成不便,王夫人聞聽襲人之言後,大為感激。襲人之語句句心繫寶玉,想不到寶玉嚐過香露後,記掛的竟然是黛玉,還要設法使走襲人,以便獨會黛玉——既嚐香露之香妙,而不懂襲人的好(注意此露之「香」,實暗通襲人之香——霍克思把襲人譯為Aroma,於此更見其「香」之「妙」了),再對比前文襲人與王夫人一大段對談,這麼就給寶玉一個打發而去,讀時實感惋惜。再者,寶玉此「法」實為一石二之計鳥,使開的除了襲人,還有寶釵(當然,此法亦可能有打草驚蛇、引起寶釵注意的風險),自己就能安心會林黛玉了。
霍譯:
When she arrived, Bao-yu had just woken up, so she told him about the flavourings. He was pleased and made her mix some for him straight away. It was quite delicious. He kept thinking about Dai-yu and wanted to send someone over to see her, but he was afraid that Aroma would disapprove, so, as a means of getting her out of the way, he sent her over to Bao-chai’s place to borrow a book.
楊氏夫婦譯:
Back in Happy Red Court, she found Baoyu had just woken up. When she told him about the juice he was delighted. He asked to taste some and pronounced it delicious.
Because Baoyu had Daiyu on his mind he was eager to send someone over to her, but for fear of Xiren he had to resort to a trick. He dispatched Xiren to Baochai to borrow some books, and as soon as she had left called for Qingwen.
「只是怕襲人,便設一法」二句頗為難譯。霍譯為“but he was afraid that Aroma would disapprove, so, as a means of getting her out of the way, he sent her…”;楊氏夫婦的譯本則為 “but for fear of Xiren he had to resort to a trick. He dispatched Xiren to Baochai to…”。霍譯的disapprove作「不贊同、不同意」解,而楊氏則作“fear of”,前者略失原文之義;後者則把原文之「怕」解為「害怕」、「懼怕」之「怕」。其時寶玉心態該接近不想給襲人知道自己(想着、想見黛王)的心思、又或不想襲人因自己別有所思而心生惱恨或反感,亦可能加上不想因襲人心生惱懊而另起事端——事實上,原文就這麼一個「怕」字,沒道明寶玉怕的是什麼,已是犀利而慎密的筆法。至於「設一法」一語,霍譯的“as a mean of getting her out of the way”比楊氏的 “resort to a trick”自然,但“trick” 一詞頗能表現寶玉施此巧計時的不安好心——儘管英譯句語意比原文略重——「⋯⋯他必須靠一道巧計」。
二、黛玉的黑心腸
寶釵滿心委屈氣忿,待要怎樣,又怕他母親不安,少不得含淚別了母親,各自回來,到房裡整哭了一夜。次日早起來,也無心梳洗,胡亂整理整理,便出來瞧母親。可巧遇見林黛玉獨立在花陰之下,問他那裡去。薛寶釵因說 「家去」,口裡說著,便只管走。黛玉見他無精打采的去了,又見眼上有哭泣之狀,大非往日可比,便在後面笑道:「姐姐也自保重些兒。就是哭出兩缸眼淚來,也醫不好棒瘡!」

淺評:寶釵嘆其兄不長進,又不想母親擔心,把事情都扛上身,終於吃不消,此處短短幾行,已有「含淚」、「哭了一夜」、「眼上有哭泣之狀」等語,林黛玉竟見寶釵這(所謂的)「非往日可比」之態而心生快意,更落井下石。蒙府本側批云:「自己眼腫為誰?偏是以此笑人。笑人世間人多犯此症。」語帶諷刺,仍甚厚道,我則不得不贈黛玉一幅「笑什麼」的截圖,以表憤慨。
霍譯:
Bao-chai was left bursting with injury and outrage which she dared not express for fear of further upsetting her mother. She was obliged to bid the latter a tearful goodnight and go back to her own room in the Garden, where she spent the rest of the night weeping.
She was up early next morning. Too dispirited to make a proper toilet, she stopped only to tidy herself a little before setting off for her mother’s. On the way she met, of all people, Dai-yu, standing on her own beneath a flowering tree.
‘Where are you going?’ said Dai-yu.
‘To my mother’s.’ She answered without stopping.
Dai-yu noticed how dispirited she looked and saw that her eyes were swollen as if she had been weeping.
‘Don’t make yourself ill, coz,’ she called out, almost gleefully, to the retreating back. ‘Even a cistern full of tears won’t heal the smart of a beating!’
楊氏夫婦譯:
Bitterly wronged as Baochai felt, she could not make a scene for fear of upsetting her mother. So with tears in her eyes she took her leave and went back to her own apartment to cry all night.
The next morning she rose early and, without troubling to make a careful toilet, simply straightened her clothes and set off to see her mother again. On the way she happened to meet Daiyu standing alone under the shade of some blossom and was asked where she was going. Baochai, not stopping, said she was on her way home. Daiyu saw that she looked in low spirits, quite unlike her usual self, and had been crying. She called mischievously after her, "Cousin, look after your health! Even if you fill two vats with tears that won't cure his welts."
霍譯的“she called out, almost gleefully, to the retreating back”,很能表達林黛玉得喜若狂而緊緊約束的心境, gleeful一詞有極快樂、欣喜,此「快樂欣喜」多建於他人的不幸之上,是為幸災樂禍之「樂」。而楊氏的mischievously,mischievous有「淘氣、惡作劇」等義,程度稍輕於原文之「笑」,但接連下句內容,仍很能表達黛玉譏諷寶釵時的尖刻心態。